systems of vowel pointing known today as the Palestinian, Babylonian, and Tiberian systems. These systems were designed in such a way that vowel sounds could be indicated by adding marks to the text without altering the Hebrew consonants in any way. The system that became standard is the Tiberian system developed by the Masoretes during the period A.D. 500–950. This is the system that you will be learning. A vowel is a sound made by passing air through the throat and mouth with no
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